In water distribution systems, what is the main characteristic of gate valves?

The main characteristic of gate valves lies in their functionality of completely isolating or blocking the flow of water within a pipeline. Gate valves operate by raising a gate or wedge into the flow path when they are open and lowering it to block flow when closed, making them particularly effective for situations where full flow or complete closure is required. This capability allows for maintenance or repairs on sections of the pipeline without disrupting the entire system.

While it is true that gate valves are commonly used, especially in larger water distribution systems, their primary role is not just being the most commonly used type of valve but rather their ability to provide complete isolation. This feature distinguishes them from other valve types—like globe valves, which are meant for regulating flow, or check valves, which are used for backflow prevention. Thus, the emphasis on the ability to completely isolate a section of piping aligns well with the defining characteristic of gate valves. They are not typically utilized for precise flow control or backflow prevention, which further reinforces their primary purpose in water distribution systems.