What can be a consequence of aging infrastructure in a water distribution system?

The choice indicating that an increased occurrence of breaks and failures is a consequence of aging infrastructure in a water distribution system is accurate because as infrastructure ages, materials can degrade, leading to vulnerabilities. Over time, pipes and valves may suffer from issues such as corrosion, wear, and fatigue, which can manifest as leaks, breaks, or complete failures. The structural integrity of aging components diminishes, meaning they are less able to withstand pressure and other stresses. This not only affects the reliability of the water supply but also leads to increased maintenance costs and operational challenges.

In contrast, the other options present outcomes that are generally not associated with aged infrastructure. Improved reliability and efficiency would be more characteristic of newer systems, where technology and materials are optimized for performance. The decreased likelihood of leaks is also misleading, as aging components typically experience more leaks due to wear and tear. Lastly, lower operational costs would not normally result from an aging system, as it often leads to higher expenses due to frequent repairs and the need for upgrades to maintain service levels. Thus, the reality of an aging infrastructure naturally aligns with a greater frequency of issues rather than improved conditions.