What does the term 'backflow' refer to in water systems?

The term 'backflow' refers specifically to the unintended reversal of flow in a pipe within water systems. This phenomenon can occur when there is a difference in pressure between two points in the system, which can lead to contaminated water from a lower-pressure area flowing back into the potable water supply. This is a critical concern in water distribution because backflow can compromise water quality and pose health risks if contaminants enter the water supply.

Understanding backflow is essential for the design and operation of water systems, as appropriate backflow prevention devices and practices must be implemented to protect public health. The distinction between correct and incorrect water flow is crucial, and knowing what backflow is helps operators and technicians prevent situations that could lead to contamination.