What is the primary purpose of storage facilities in a water distribution system?

The primary purpose of storage facilities in a water distribution system is to equalize daily demands on the water supply system. Water storage serves as a buffer that helps balance the fluctuations in water usage throughout the day. During peak demand times, stored water can be released to meet the immediate needs of consumers, ensuring a consistent supply despite varying usage patterns. Conversely, during periods of lower demand, water can be collected and stored for later use. This function is crucial in maintaining system pressure and meeting the needs of the community effectively.

While storage facilities can play roles in emergency preparedness by providing water reserves and may assist in maintenance access, these are secondary functions. Storage does not typically serve as a filtration system for contaminants, as filtration is a separate process that occurs before distribution to ensure water quality. Thus, the principal purpose aligned with the operation and efficiency of a water distribution system is to mediate the daily demand for water supply.