What is the purpose of a water storage tank in distribution systems?

The purpose of a water storage tank in distribution systems primarily revolves around balancing supply and demand and maintaining pressure within the water system. These tanks act as reservoirs that store water during periods of low demand and release it during peak usage times. This function is crucial for ensuring a consistent supply of water to consumers, particularly during high-demand periods, like hot weather or during firefighting.

Additionally, storage tanks help to maintain adequate pressure in the distribution system, which is essential for the proper functioning of hydrants, customer service connections, and overall system reliability. The storage capability also allows for emergency situations or planned outages, ensuring that there is sufficient reserve supply to meet community needs without interruption.

Other options listed do not serve the primary role of a water storage tank in distribution systems. Water storage tanks are not designed for recreational purposes, do not store wastewater, and are not focused on backflow prevention, which is managed through other means within the system.