What type of system uses gravity to deliver water?

A gravity-fed water distribution system is designed to utilize the natural force of gravity to move water from a higher elevation to a lower elevation. In such systems, water is typically stored in a reservoir or tank situated on higher ground, which allows gravity to assist in the flow of water through pipes to consumers or to another distribution point. This method is energy efficient and cost-effective, as it does not require pumps to move the water over significant distances or elevations.

Using gravity for water delivery has several advantages, including reduced operational costs since there’s no need for continuous power to maintain water flow. This leads to lower energy consumption, making gravity-fed systems particularly advantageous in rural areas or regions where electricity may be unreliable. The system relies on the principles of hydrostatics to ensure adequate pressure at delivery points, which depends on the height difference between the source and the point of use.

Other types of systems, such as pump-assisted or pressurized water distribution systems, rely on mechanical means to move water, which can incur additional costs and energy expenditures. These systems may be necessary in situations where the terrain does not allow for gravity-fed options, but the defining characteristic of a gravity-fed system is its efficient harnessing of gravitational force for water delivery.